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Proposed US rule barring China science collaboration sparks outcry from US scientists_我的网站

阿凡达

A | （联合早报） 作者红蚂蚁团队新加坡人喜欢霸位并不是新闻。

B |

China US Photo:VCGAmerican scientists have voiced opposition to a proposed rule which seeks to ban federal funding for US science collaboration with China, saying that it would instead hurt US interest, the Washington Post reported on Tuesday. Chinese experts also warned that the slew of US restrictions on China-US scientific cooperation is unlikely to deal a fatal blow to China's scientific development, but could instead backfire on the US.
The proposed Office of Management and Budget (OMB) rule, set to take effect in December, would mark one of the biggest overhauls of US science funding in decades, giving political appointees greater authority over grant awards previously guided by scientific peer review and requiring that they "advance the President's policy priorities," according to the Washington Post.
It would also effectively expand the 2011 Wolf Amendment, which bars scientists from using NASA funding for bilateral collaborations with China, to all federal agencies and scientists receiving federal funds, marking the largest break in US-China scientific engagement in decades, the US media outlet reported.
So far, the proposed rule has garnered nearly half a million public comments, many from scientists and leading US science bodies. A Washington Post analysis of 50,000 of those comments found that around 88 percent were negative.
The rule, initially set to take effect in October, was pushed back to December after a bipartisan stopgap funding bill temporarily halted its adoption. Unlike the Wolf Amendment, the rule does not require congressional approval to take effect.
"I do think there are still members of Congress who think we have a monopoly on knowledge. They think we're still in the Cold War Soviet era ... where we were ahead in most areas of science and technology. That is not the case with China. We are no longer the leader in many areas of science," said Tobin Smith, senior vice president for government relations and public policy at the Association for American Universities, which advocates on behalf of leading US research universities, per the Washington Post.
Scientists warn that the rule risks subjecting long-term scientific research to four-year political cycles. "We will not succeed if with every new administration we are ping-ponging back and forth about priorities," the American Association for the Advancement of Science said in a blistering comment, urging the administration to withdraw the rule. "Fast-tracking such profound changes ... hands an easy victory to nations like China," it said, the Washington Post reported.
This reflects a fundamental divide between the US government and the scientific community over how science should develop, Wang Yiwei, a professor at Renmin University of China's School of International Studies, told the Global Times. He noted that politicians tend to believe that suppressing China as a competitor would allow the US to preserve its market dominance and technological edge.
Scientists, however, tend to follow a different logic, as scientific progress depends on openness, exchanges and collaboration. If science and technology are driven solely by competition and private capital, with the ultimate goal of maintaining technological monopolies, this could create greater risks and ultimately undermine US interests as well, Wang said.
The proposed rule change is the latest salvo in a broader battle in Washington over how to respond to China's rise as a scientific superpower. In July, the US National Science Foundation (NSF) also moved to ban collaborations between scientist it funds and many Chinese research institutions and their employees, according to Science magazine.
Liu Shaoshan, director of the Center for Embodied AI at the Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society and a former US-based researcher, told the Global Times in a previous interview that the NSF's new proposed rules created a "talent wall," arguing that restrictions based on nationality, institutional affiliation, and research partnerships could reduce the global talent pool available to the US, weaken its ability to attract leading scientists, and slow scientific innovation.
Liu also said scientific advancement relies not only on discovery but also on the exchange, validation, and dissemination of knowledge.
Wang also said China has built significant strengths through its vast pool of scientists and engineers, complete industrial chains and massive application scenarios, while increasingly moving from application-oriented innovation toward original research. Against this backdrop, US technological blockades and restrictions on cooperation are unlikely to halt China's progress, but could instead isolate American scientists from China's latest research and collaboration opportunities. Such an approach could also prevent the two countries from leveraging their respective strengths and ultimately undermine US competitiveness, Wang said.
。但如今这种霸位文化似乎被新加坡居民赋予了新的功能——代为排队。简单说就是，为了不傻傻站着排队等待，干脆就找一个没有生命的物件摆在地上，作为自己正在“默默排队”的标记。这么做，只为了领取居民委员会派发的免费食物。碧山东第一分区居民委员会8月23日深夜在脸书上载两张照片，一张显示了贩卖机前的水泥地板上出现一排“布阵用品”；另一张则显示“摆阵”的人井然有序排队的情景。（碧山东第一分区居民委员会脸书）“布阵用品”都有些什么？不外就是一个个折叠起来的小袋子和环保袋，上面用一个或两个小石子压着，以免被风吹走。（碧山东第一分区居民委员会脸书）（碧山东第一分区居民委员会脸书）用这种无人监管的方式来排队，难免会出现剪不清理还乱的情形。据报道，有些Auntie就声称地上的袋子是自己的，与其他排队的人吵得面红耳赤。居委会每个星期五傍晚派发免费食物的活动已经持续了三年，深受居民欢迎，每次都吸引到很多人前去领取。

C | （碧山东第一分区居民委员会脸书）由于捐赠的食物种类不定，所以很多居民为了能选到好料，都会提前霸位以免落于人后。（碧山东第一分区居民委员会脸书）这就迫使碧山东第一分区居民委员会不得不与大家约法三章。只允许一个家庭派一个成员亲自排队领取食物。 严禁用物件来霸位，所有摆在地上的物品将一律视为垃圾清理掉。果真应验了那句老话： 生活素质的提升可以依靠他人的善心，但个人素质的提升就无法假手于人。

D | 在一个相对慷慨友善的大环境中，我们可以试着多体谅彼此。

E |

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